An object that facilitates the traversal of a data structure.
"Iterators in Python allow the programmer to iterate over elements in a collection, such as a list or dictionary, one at a time."
The act of repeating a process with the aim of approaching a desired goal or target.
"Loops in programming, such as 'for' and 'while' loops, are used to perform iteration over a sequence of values or until a condition is met."
To repeat a process or set of instructions a number of times or until a specific condition is met, often used in the context of loops in programming.
"We iterate over the array to process each element, performing the same action for every item."
An object that can be iterated over, meaning it can return its elements one at a time, allowing it to be used in a loop or other iteration constructs.
"In Python, lists, tuples, and strings are examples of iterables that can be used with a for loop to access each element."
iptables is a powerful firewall utility for Linux systems used to configure packet filtering and network address translation (NAT). It provides granular control over incoming and outgoing network traffic.
"The sysadmin configured iptables to restrict access to specific ports and protocols, enhancing the server's security posture against unauthorized network traffic."
A design principle in software engineering where the control flow of a program is inverted in comparison to traditional procedural programming.
"Inversion of control is often achieved through the use of frameworks, where the framework calls user-defined code rather than the user's code calling the framework."
A condition that can be relied upon to be true during the execution of a program, especially during a loop or other repetitive process.
"Maintaining invariants in algorithms is crucial for ensuring correctness and preventing errors during execution."
A condition that remains true before and after a certain operation in computer science, often used in the context of type theory and generic programming.
"Type invariance ensures that a data type remains the same even if its content or structure is modified in some way."
A signal to the processor emitted by hardware or software indicating an event that needs immediate attention.
"An interrupt alerts the processor to a high-priority condition requiring the interruption of the current code the processor is executing."
A program that executes instructions written in a programming or scripting language without requiring them to have been compiled into a machine language program.
"Interpreters parse and execute code line by line, which allows for interactive coding and debugging but can be slower than running compiled code."
A computer program that directly executes instructions written in a programming or scripting language.
"Unlike a compiler, an interpreter executes code line by line, which can be useful for scripting and rapid application development."
The global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices.
"The Internet enables billions of people worldwide to share information and communicate over email, social networks, and other online platforms."
In computing, a shared boundary across which two or more separate components of a computer system exchange information.
"An interface can be a hardware component that enables communication between different devices, or a software component that allows interaction between software applications."
Testing that verifies the interfaces between components against a software design.
"Integration tests check that different parts of the system work together as expected, beyond the correctness of individual units."
A data type that represents some range of mathematical integers.
"Integers in programming are used for counting, indexing, and operations that require whole numbers."
A data type used in programming to represent whole numbers, without fractions or decimals.
"Integers are commonly used in programming for counting, indexing arrays, and performing arithmetic operations."
The part of the computer architecture related to programming, including the native data types, instructions, registers, addressing modes, memory architecture, interrupt and exception handling, and external I/O.
"The instruction set architecture defines how software controls the hardware of a computer to perform various tasks."
The process of creating an instance of a class in object-oriented programming.
"To use the functionalities defined in a class, you must instantiate it to create an object."
An individual object of a certain class in object-oriented programming.
"When you create a new object based on a class, you are creating an instance of that class, which inherits all its methods and properties."
Referring to the communication between an information processing system (such as a computer) and the outside world, possibly a human or another information processing system.
"I/O devices like keyboards (input) and monitors (output) allow users to interact with computers."
Data that is entered into a computer system from an external source, either by the user or another system.
"Input can come from various sources, such as a keyboard, mouse, scanner, or another computer, and is processed by the system to produce output."
The __init__ method in Python is a special method used to initialize objects of a class, automatically called when a new instance is created, allowing initialization with specified arguments.
"The __init__ method in Python is like setting up a new house: it's where you arrange everything just the way you want it before you move in."
The hierarchy or sequence of classes in object-oriented programming, where a class inherits from another class, which may in turn inherit from another class, and so on.
"The inheritance chain describes the relationship between classes, determining how properties and methods are passed down from one class to another."
The mechanism in object-oriented programming that allows one class to derive properties and behaviors from another class.
"Inheritance enables new objects to take on the properties of existing objects, simplifying code and reducing redundancy."
A principle in object-oriented programming that allows a class to inherit properties and behaviors from another class.
"Inheritance enables the creation of a new class (subclass) that is based on an existing class (superclass), reusing and extending its functionalities."
The practice of organizing complex information in a clear and logical way.
"In web design, information architecture involves structuring a website's content in a way that is easy for users to navigate."
A sequence of instructions in a computer program that loops endlessly, either due to a programming error or by design.
"An infinite loop can cause a program to freeze or crash if not handled properly or if it lacks a proper exit condition."
A method of mathematical proof that shows that if a statement holds for a natural number n and also holds for n+1, then it holds for all natural numbers.
"Mathematical induction is a powerful technique used in algorithms to prove correctness, especially for recursive functions."
The practice of using spaces or tabs at the beginning of lines of code to visually represent the structure of the code, making it easier to read and understand.
"Proper indentation is crucial in programming languages like Python, where it is used to define the scope of loops, functions, and classes."
A preprocessor directive used in C and C++ programming to prevent a header file from being included more than once in a single compilation.
"Include guards help avoid duplicate definitions and compilation errors in large projects with multiple files including each other."
A function that may have side effects or depends on external state, meaning its output is not solely determined by its input.
"Impure functions can make a program harder to understand and predict because they can change state or behave differently depending on external variables."
Specifics about how a particular task is performed or a particular goal is achieved within a software, which are not exposed or relevant to the user or consumer of the software.
"The choice of sorting algorithm is an implementation detail that users of the library don't need to worry about."
The process of putting a design into effect; in software, it refers to the writing of code that follows a design specification.
"After completing the design phase, the development team moved on to the implementation, coding the software based on the agreed specifications."
In computing, the ability of a process to take on the identity of any user, including those with administrative privileges, often used for testing or administrative purposes.
"Web servers use impersonation to execute requests under the identity of the user, providing personalized content."
A programming paradigm that uses statements to change a program's state, focusing on describing how a program operates.
"Imperative programming involves writing code that tells the machine explicitly what to do step by step."
An object whose state cannot be modified after it is created.
"Using immutable objects in programming can help reduce bugs and make code easier to reason about, especially in concurrent applications."
An object which cannot change after creation.
"Strings in Python are immutable, meaning that once a string is created, it cannot be altered."
A JavaScript programming pattern used to execute a function as soon as it is defined.
"IIFEs are used to create a new scope and avoid polluting the global namespace in JavaScript."
An HTML document embedded inside another HTML document on a website.
"IFrames are often used to embed third-party content like videos or interactive maps within a web page."
A colloquial phrase suggesting that one should not attempt to alter or repair something that is functioning adequately.
"This phrase is often cited in software development to caution against unnecessary changes that could introduce new bugs into a stable system."
A conditional statement that executes one block of code if a specified condition is true, and another block if the condition is false.
"Using 'if else' statements in programming allows for more complex decision-making based on multiple conditions."
A conditional statement in programming that executes a block of code if a specified condition is true.
"The 'if' statement allows for branching in the flow of a program, enabling different actions based on different conditions."
An operation that can be applied multiple times without changing the result beyond the initial application.
"HTTP methods like GET, PUT, and DELETE are designed to be idempotent, ensuring that the same request can be made repeatedly with the same effect."
i3 (i3wm) is a tiling window manager for GNU/Linux and BSD systems, known for its clean code, minimalist design, and focus on usability and stability.
"Many programmers rely on i3 for efficient window management in their daily workflow."
A network of physical objects—'things'—that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the Internet.
"IoT devices range from household objects like smart thermostats and security cameras to industrial tools like machinery sensors and smart farm equipment."
The principal communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries, enabling internetworking and essentially establishing the Internet.
"IP addresses are used to identify devices on a network, allowing them to communicate with each other via the Internet."
A protocol for accessing email on a remote server from a local client.
"IMAP allows users to keep their email on the server, enabling them to access their messages from multiple devices."
An open international community of network designers, operators, vendors, and researchers concerned with the evolution of the Internet architecture and the smooth operation of the Internet.
"The IETF develops and promotes voluntary Internet standards, particularly the standards that comprise the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP)."
The process of planning and implementing products and services so that they can easily be adapted to specific local languages and cultures.
"I18n involves separating the core functionality of a program from the locale-specific components, making it easier to adapt software for global markets."
Mechanisms an operating system provides to allow processes it manages to share data.
"IPC methods include message passing, shared memory, and semaphores, enabling processes to coordinate activities and share information."
A category of property that includes intangible creations of the human intellect.
"Intellectual property rights allow creators and inventors to protect their work from being used without permission, including software and patents."
A software application that provides comprehensive facilities to computer programmers for software development, including a source code editor, build automation tools, and a debugger.
"Popular IDEs like Eclipse, Visual Studio, and IntelliJ IDEA offer powerful features to streamline the development process."
The use of computers to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data or information, often in the context of a business or other enterprise.
"IT encompasses a variety of areas including software development, computer systems architecture, and information security."
An operating system designed for building distributed systems on a wide range of devices and platforms, developed at Bell Labs.
"Inferno-OS is known for its portability, simplicity, and its use of the Limbo programming language for application development."
A general-purpose pure functional programming language with dependent types, intended to be a practical language for programming with precise types.
"Idris enables developers to express properties of programs as types, providing a powerful framework for ensuring correctness."
A form of cloud computing that provides virtualized computing resources over the internet.
"IaaS providers, such as Amazon Web Services, offer virtual servers on-demand, along with APIs that allow users to migrate workloads to a virtual machine."
IPv6, or Internet Protocol version 6, is a newer protocol designed to replace IPv4, offering a much larger address space. It uses a 128-bit address scheme.
"Network administrators are gradually transitioning to IPv6 to accommodate the growing number of devices connected to the internet and to alleviate the limitations of IPv4's address space."
IPv4, or Internet Protocol version 4, is a widely used protocol for identifying and routing networked devices. It uses a 32-bit address scheme.
"Despite the increasing adoption of IPv6, many networks still rely on IPv4 for addressing and routing internet traffic due to its familiarity and compatibility with existing infrastructure."
The principal communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries.
"IP addresses uniquely identify devices on a network, enabling them to communicate with each other."
Interface for notifying clients, typically binding clients, of property value changes, commonly used in models or view models to support data binding in architectures like MVVM.
"Implementing INPC allows UI elements to automatically update whenever the underlying data changes, ensuring that the UI reflects the current state of the application."
A technical standard for floating-point computation established by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
"The IEEE 754 standard defines formats for floating-point numbers that are used in most computers and programming languages today."
A software application that combines all of the features and tools needed by a software developer.
"IDEs like Visual Studio Code and IntelliJ IDEA provide developers with a code editor, debugger, and build automation tools in a single package."
