An error or exception that occurs when a program attempts to use a null pointer, indicating that it is trying to access or modify memory that it has not been allocated.
"Handling null pointer exceptions properly is essential for preventing crashes and other unwanted behavior in software applications."
A pointer that does not point to any object or function, often used to indicate that no object is assigned.
"Dereferencing a null pointer is a common cause of runtime errors in programs."
A special value in programming used to represent the absence of a value.
"In databases, a null value indicates that a field contains no data, which is different from a field that contains data such as an empty string or a zero."
In programming, a special value that represents the absence of any object value.
"Null is often used in databases and programming languages as a placeholder for missing or inapplicable data."
In computing, slang for a form of denial-of-service attack where the attacker uses methods to overload, crash, or otherwise disrupt the service of a networked device.
"Historically, 'nuking' was a method to disrupt internet connections by sending malformed packets to a target's IP address."
In database design, the process of organizing the attributes and tables of a database to minimize redundancy and dependency by dividing large tables into smaller tables and defining relationships between them.
"Normalization improves database efficiency by eliminating redundant data and ensuring that only related data is stored in a table."
A slang term for a newcomer or inexperienced user, particularly in the context of online gaming, forums, or other online communities.
"Noobs often require guidance and support as they learn the ropes of a new game or technology."
Random or irrelevant data that is not useful to the analysis but may obscure or distort the meaningful data.
"In data analysis and machine learning, filtering out noise from the dataset is crucial to improve the accuracy of predictions."
A basic unit used to build data structures such as linked lists, trees, and graphs.
"Each node in a linked list contains data and a reference (or link) to the next node in the sequence."
In network terms, a node is any physical device within a network of other tools that's able to send, receive, or forward information. In computing, it often refers to a basic unit used to build data structures such as linked lists and tree structures.
"Each node in a network can act as a redistribution point or a communication endpoint."
A term used in some programming languages to represent the absence of a value or a null pointer.
"In languages like Swift, 'nil' is used to indicate that a variable or object does not point to any value."
A unit of digital information that consists of four bits, or half of an eight-bit byte.
"A nibble can represent up to 16 different values, often used to represent a single hexadecimal digit."
In a non-computing context, refers to the second part of the Christian biblical canon. In computing, it might be used metaphorically to refer to new paradigms, methodologies, or technologies that significantly change previous practices.
"The introduction of cloud computing was so revolutionary that some in the industry referred to it as the 'New Testament' of IT infrastructure."
A basic unit in a neural network, which receives input, processes it, and passes the output to the next layer of neurons.
"Each neuron in a neural network performs a simple calculation on its input and passes the result to the neurons it is connected to."
A network or circuit of neurons, or in a modern sense, an artificial neural network, composed of artificial neurons or nodes.
"Neural networks are a set of algorithms, modeled loosely after the human brain, that are designed to recognize patterns."
A group of two or more computer systems linked together. Networks can involve various devices and protocols to facilitate communication and resource sharing.
"Networks enable computers to share resources such as files, printers, and internet connections."
Neovim is an advanced text editor designed for developers, offering powerful features and extensibility. It is a modernized version of Vim, providing improved performance and enhanced plugin support.
"I fired up Neovim to make some quick edits to my code before pushing it to the repository."
Testing method used to ensure that the software is not doing what it is not supposed to do and handling invalid input or conditions gracefully.
"Negative testing is crucial for determining the robustness of software by ensuring it can handle error conditions without crashing or producing incorrect results."
The process of navigating between different pages or areas within a website or application.
"Effective navigation design allows users to quickly find the information they need without confusion."
The ability of a computer program to understand human language as it is spoken and written.
"Natural language understanding is a key component of AI systems that interpret, understand, and respond to human language in a useful way."
Nano is a simple and user-friendly text editor for Unix-based systems. It provides basic editing functionalities and is often used for quick file modifications in the command line interface.
"I used Nano to quickly edit my configuration file before restarting the server."
A situation in programming where two or more identifiers in different namespaces or libraries have the same name, leading to ambiguity.
"Namespace collision can be avoided by using fully qualified names or by employing namespace aliasing in languages that support it."
A declarative region that provides a scope to the identifiers (the names of types, functions, variables, etc) inside it. Namespaces are used to organize code into logical groups and to prevent name collisions that can occur especially when your code base includes multiple libraries.
"Namespaces in C# help organize large code projects into manageable parts, avoiding conflicts between identifiers that might otherwise have the same name."
A method of alphanumeric writing where the number represents the total letters between the first alphabet and the last one in the word.
"A well known numeronym in open-source project is “i18n” which stands for “internationalization.”"
A free and open-source package manager designed for the Microsoft development platform.
"NuGet facilitates the distribution and consumption of .NET libraries and tools, making it easier for developers to share and use code."
A free source code editor and Notepad replacement that supports several languages, running in the MS Windows environment.
"Notepad++ offers features like syntax highlighting, code folding, and a customizable UI, making it popular among programmers and web developers."
An open-source, cross-platform, back-end JavaScript runtime environment that executes JavaScript code outside a web browser.
"Node.js allows developers to use JavaScript to write command-line tools and for server-side scripting—running scripts server-side to produce dynamic web page content before the page is sent to the user's web browser."
An open-source, cross-platform JavaScript run-time environment that executes JavaScript code outside of a browser.
"Node.js is used to build scalable network applications, particularly web servers."
A type of database that provides a mechanism for storage and retrieval of data that is modeled in means other than the tabular relations used in relational databases.
"NoSQL databases are often used for large sets of distributed data and are optimized for insert and retrieve operations at a large scale."
A class of database management systems that do not conform to the traditional relational database model, often used for storing and retrieving data that is more suited to hierarchical, key-value, wide-column, or document-oriented formats.
"NoSQL databases are chosen for large sets of distributed data, where relational databases might not be as efficient in terms of scalability and speed."
A security scanner used to discover hosts and services on a computer network, thereby building a 'map' of the network.
"Nmap is widely used in the cybersecurity community for network inventory, managing service upgrade schedules, and monitoring host or service uptime."
A statically typed, imperative programming language that tries to give the programmer ultimate power without compromising on runtime efficiency.
"Nim combines concepts from mature languages like Python, Ada, and Modula, offering powerful features with a syntax that's easy to read and write."
A React framework that enables functionality such as server-side rendering and generating static websites for React-based web applications.
"Next.js simplifies the process of building React applications by providing a standard way to achieve server-side rendering, improving performance and SEO."
An open-source web development framework created by Vercel providing React-based web applications with server-side rendering and static website generation.
"After evaluating several frameworks for our project, we decided to use Next.js due to its excellent features for server-side rendering and static site generation."
A networking utility for reading from and writing to network connections using TCP or UDP.
"Netcat is often referred to as the 'Swiss army knife' of networking because of its versatility in network debugging and exploration."
An open-source integrated development environment (IDE) for Java, enabling applications to be developed from a set of modular software components called modules.
"NetBeans also supports other languages, such as PHP, C++, and HTML5, offering developers a versatile environment for coding."
A field of computer science, artificial intelligence, and linguistics concerned with the interactions between computers and human (natural) languages.
"NLP technologies enable computers to understand, interpret, and generate human language in a way that is both valuable and meaningful."
A free and open-source screen reader for Windows that allows visually impaired users to interact with the operating system and applications.
"NVDA converts text into speech or Braille, enabling blind or vision-impaired users to use computers effectively."
A package manager for JavaScript, is the default package manager for the JavaScript runtime environment Node.js.
"NPM allows developers to install, share, and manage dependencies in their JavaScript projects."
An error or exception condition indicating that an application attempted to use null in a case where an object is required.
"NPEs are common in programming languages that have null references, like Java, and can cause crashes if not properly handled."
A centralized location where IT technicians directly support the efforts of remote monitoring and managing a network and data center.
"The NOC is the first line of defense against network disruptions and failures, ensuring high availability and performance."
A set of communication protocols for communication between two electronic devices over a distance of 4 cm or less.
"NFC technology enables contactless payments and simple data exchange between devices."
A utility tool that reads and writes data across networks from the command line. Ncat is a feature-packed networking utility which reads and writes data across networks from the command line.
"NCAT can be used for a wide range of purposes, including debugging and network exploration, as it can create almost any kind of connection."
A method of remapping one IP address space into another by modifying network address information in the IP header of packets while they are in transit across a traffic routing device.
"NAT is commonly used in routers to allow multiple devices on a private network to share a single public IP address."
A file-level storage architecture that makes stored data more accessible to networked devices.
"NAS systems are convenient for sharing files among multiple users on a network and can serve as a centralized backup location."
