A server-side web application framework written in Ruby under the MIT License. Rails is a model-view-controller (MVC) framework, providing default structures for a database, a web service, and web pages.

"Rails encourages the use of web standards such as JSON or XML for data transfer, and HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for user interfacing."

In software development and project management, metrics and measurements related to the volume or size of code, data, or other project artifacts, often used to estimate effort, track progress, and assess project complexity.

"The team used volumetrics to estimate the size of the codebase and plan the development effort accordingly."

Just-In-Time compilation, a runtime process for translating bytecode into native machine code just before it is executed, to improve performance.

"JIT compilers are used in Java Virtual Machines and .NET Framework to enhance the speed of executed programs."

Specifics about how a particular task is performed or a particular goal is achieved within a software, which are not exposed or relevant to the user or consumer of the software.

"The choice of sorting algorithm is an implementation detail that users of the library don't need to worry about."

A non-human mechanism that demonstrates a broad range of problem solving, creativity, and adaptability.

"Artificial general intelligence would have the ability to learn any intellectual task that a human being can."