The on-demand availability of computer system resources, especially data storage and computing power, without direct active management by the user.

"Cloud computing services like AWS and Azure allow businesses to scale infrastructure according to demand."

A design pattern in functional programming that allows for a generic type of computations to be performed in a specific context (like handling nulls, combining computations, or dealing with side effects).

"Monads provide a way to wrap and chain operations on values while abstracting away details such as error handling or asynchronous computations."

A programming concept where a variable in a nested scope has the same name as a variable in an outer scope, effectively hiding the outer variable within the inner scope.

"The function parameter shadowed the global variable with the same name."

A backward-compatible language extension for CSS, which is a dynamic preprocessor style sheet language that can be compiled into CSS and run on the client side or server side.

"LESS extends CSS with dynamic behavior such as variables, mixins, operations, and functions."

A Ruby gem that integrates Webpack with the Rails asset pipeline, allowing Ruby on Rails developers to use modern JavaScript tooling like Babel and ES6 modules in their applications, improving frontend development workflows and performance.

"The team added Webpacker to their Rails project to take advantage of modern JavaScript features and tools."