A type conversion in object-oriented programming where an object of a subclass is treated as an object of its superclass, often used implicitly in polymorphic code to enable abstraction and dynamic behavior.

"Upcasting allows treating a derived class object as a base class object in C++."

An architectural style that structures an application as a collection of loosely coupled services, which implement business capabilities.

"Microservices allow for the development of large, complex applications as a suite of small services that can be developed, deployed, and scaled independently."

A type system in programming languages where the type of a variable is checked at runtime, rather than at compile time.

"Languages like Python and Ruby use dynamic typing, allowing variables to change type on the fly."

a type of cyber attack where multiple compromised computer systems attack a target, such as a server, website, or other network resource, causing a denial of service for users of the targeted resource.

"A DDoS attack can overwhelm the targeted server with requests, making the website or service unavailable to legitimate users."

A concise syntax for writing function expressions in JavaScript that lexically binds the 'this' value.

"Arrow functions are great for concise one-liner functions and for functions that need to inherit the 'this' context from their parent scope."